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The Development of Small Molecule Angiotensin IV-Based Analogs to Treat Depression
John W. Wright,
Joseph W. Harding
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 5, September 2015
Pages:
77-89
Received:
9 July 2015
Accepted:
27 July 2015
Published:
3 August 2015
Abstract: Major depression is a common form of mental disorder affecting approximately 15% of the population at least once during lifetime. The etiology of depression is complex with potential contributions from central and peripheral systemic factors, and several CNS impacting diseases. Presently employed antidepressant medications are poorly responded to by upwards of 50% of patients and typically require weeks of treatment to be effective. Recent post-mortem brain scans indicate significant volume reductions in two limbic brain structures, the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex of depressed patients. These findings focus attention on hippocampal plasticity in the neuropathology of depression and the possible dysfunction of several important processes including neurogenesis, synaptogenesis, and contributions by neurotrophic growth factors. The hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)/c-Met receptor system is a powerful mediator of synaptogenesis and neurogenesis, and if adequately activated may serve to counter the neuropathology of depression. The brain renin-angiotensin system (RAS) interacts with the HGF/c-Met system and plays a major role in responding to stress and the pathophysiology of depression. We have developed an angiotensin IV-based small molecule designed to activate the HGF/c-Met receptor system in order to provide neuroprotection, synaptogenesis, and neurogenesis in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. This analog may be efficacious in treating the neuropathology of depression.
Abstract: Major depression is a common form of mental disorder affecting approximately 15% of the population at least once during lifetime. The etiology of depression is complex with potential contributions from central and peripheral systemic factors, and several CNS impacting diseases. Presently employed antidepressant medications are poorly responded to b...
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Atomoxetine Beyond ADHD: A Fact or Aritfact
Ahmed Naguy,
Ali Al-Tajali
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 5, September 2015
Pages:
90-93
Received:
10 July 2015
Accepted:
23 July 2015
Published:
6 August 2015
Abstract: Atomoxetine is FDA-approved in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) with demonstrable efficacy and reasonable tolerability. It is classically a selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor but data accrues suggestive of an attractive pharmacologic portfolio speaking to the idea of a pluripotent psychotropic agent beyond ADHD. Heaps of cases in the literature abound portraying a multitude of indications with variable level of evidence oscillating from strong to only flimsy. Here, we shed light on these uses and testing extant evidence.
Abstract: Atomoxetine is FDA-approved in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) with demonstrable efficacy and reasonable tolerability. It is classically a selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor but data accrues suggestive of an attractive pharmacologic portfolio speaking to the idea of a pluripotent psychotropic agent beyond ADHD. Heaps of cas...
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Who a Mother with Munchausen’s Syndrome by Proxy Who May Have Developed into a Serial Killer: A Case Study
Yasemin Akkoca,
Aslı Cepik Kuruoglu,
Figen Dagli
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 5, September 2015
Pages:
94-97
Received:
5 August 2015
Accepted:
27 August 2015
Published:
6 September 2015
Abstract: Factitious disorder imposed on another (FDIA) or Munchausen syndrome by proxy (MSBP) is a kind of child abuse. The perpetrator, usually the mother, intentionally causes an illness or psychological symptoms in the child or invents a history of disease. While, in the literature, some FDIA patients have killed more than one child of their own have been reported, no case in which any patient showing FDIA symptoms turned into a serial killer by killing other people’s children. In this paper, we presented a case of FDIA in which the patient may have turned into a serial killer. The case who is 27 month-girl was admitted to Gazi Medical Hospital with the complaint of seizure. The mother was diagnosed as the FDIA in this hospital, two months later, it was learned that the mother had killed her neighbour's child and that she confessed her crime after she was captured. Having examined the history retrospectively, it was discovered that there may also have been other unexpected deaths related with the mother. The suspicious death was lack of evaluated beceause of considered as an accidental event or fate by police. We think that cultural dilemmas could be the reason of delayed explaining of the events. The purpose of this case presentation is to increase the common awareness that FDIA patients could be dangerous for the other children as well as their own ones.
Abstract: Factitious disorder imposed on another (FDIA) or Munchausen syndrome by proxy (MSBP) is a kind of child abuse. The perpetrator, usually the mother, intentionally causes an illness or psychological symptoms in the child or invents a history of disease. While, in the literature, some FDIA patients have killed more than one child of their own have bee...
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Effect of California Tri-Pull Taping Method on Shoulder Subluxation, Pain, Active Range of Motion and Upper Limb Functional Recovery After Stroke – A Pretest Post Test Design
Subhasish Chatterjee,
Narkeesh Arumugam,
Divya Midha,
Manu Goyal,
Ashima Arora,
Sorabh Sharma,
Senthil P. Kumar
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 5, September 2015
Pages:
98-103
Received:
30 June 2015
Accepted:
27 July 2015
Published:
16 September 2015
Abstract: Objective: The primary objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of California tri-pull taping (CTPT) method on post stroke shoulder subluxation, pain, active range of motion and upper limb functional recovery. Design: Pretest post test design. Setting: Study was conducted ininpatient and outpatient department of MM hospital Mullana- Ambala. Participants: 10 subjects with post stroke shoulder subluxation were included into the study. (7 male , 3 female). Intervention: For taping, two types of tape was used, cotton pre-tape and rigid post-tape. Tape was applied to subjects for thrice a week, for six weeks and conventional neuro rehabilitation programmewas also given to the subjects, five days a week for six weeks. Main outcome measures: Pre, and post assessment scores were taken from each subject by using, Digital Vernier caliper, visual analogue scale (VAS), Goniometer, and Fuglmeyer scale (FUG). Results: The CTPT method produced significant reduction on inferior subluxation from pre intervention to post intervention, pain. There was also significant improvement of AROM, and FUG. Conclusion: This intervention is a promising adjunct to the management of the hemiplegic subluxed shoulder. The main limitation of the study was, small sample size and no control group was used.
Abstract: Objective: The primary objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of California tri-pull taping (CTPT) method on post stroke shoulder subluxation, pain, active range of motion and upper limb functional recovery. Design: Pretest post test design. Setting: Study was conducted ininpatient and outpatient department of MM hospital Mullana- Ambala...
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