Highly Turbulent Flow Laminarized by Hairy Pipe Walls

Bo Anders Nordell; Ragnar Oskar Gawelin

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijmea.20150304.13

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Highly Turbulent Flow Laminarized by Hairy Pipe Walls

Bo Anders Nordell, Ragnar Oskar Gawelin

Published in International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Applications (Volume 3, Issue 4)

Received: 30 June 2015 Accepted: 18 July 2015 Published: 28 July 2015

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Abstract

Nature has found ways to laminarize turbulent flows, as demonstrated by the high swim speed of dolphins and the silent flight of owls. Owls locate their prey by hearing and need to fly silently. In both cases it has something to do with the soft pliable surface of the moving body and the wavy pattern that occurs on the dolphin skin and the owl feathers. Our objective was to investigate whether a pipe lined with a hairy soft carpet would “laminarize” air flows. The degree of laminarization was determined by the velocity profile. Manual pressure measurements were done to determine the air velocity at cross-sections along the pipe. Varying flow rates were tested before the hair was cut increasingly shorter. It was found that for some hair lengths the velocity profile approached the parabolic form of laminar flow at very high Reynolds number.

Published in	International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Applications (Volume 3, Issue 4)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijmea.20150304.13
Page(s)	63-70
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2015. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Flows in Pipes and Nozzles, High-Reynolds-number Turbulence, Interactions with Surfaces, Laboratory Studies, Laminarization, Stability of Laminar Flows, Velocity Measurements

References

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[2]	Pennel W. T., Eckert E. R. G., Sparrow E. M. Laminarization of turbulent pipe flow by fluid injection. J. Fluid Mech. (1972), vol. 52, part 3, pp. 451-464
[3]	Zubkov V.G. Numerical study of laminarization effects in turbulent boundary layers of accelerated flows. Zhurnal Prikladnoi Mekhaniki I Teknicheskoi Fiziki, No 2, pp. 71-78, March-April, 1985. 0021-8944/85/2602-0215809.50, Plenum Publishing Corporation.
[4]	Riasi, A., Nourbakhsh M., Raisee M. (2009). Unsteady turbulent pipe flow due to water hammer using k–θ turbulence model. J. Hydr. Res. 47:4, 429-437. DOI:10.1080/00221686.2009.9522018
[5]	Cardoso A.H., Graf W.H., Gust G. (1991) Steady gradually accelerating flow in a smooth open channel, J. Hydr. Res. 29:4, 525-543, DOI:10.1080/00221689109498972
[6]	Cederwall K., Sellgren A. (1973). Polymeradditiv (Polymer Additive), Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden. (In Swedish)
[7]	Toms, B.A., (1948). Some observations on the flow of linear polymer solutions through straight tubes at large Reynolds numbers. Proc. 1st International Congress on Rheology, Vol. 2, North Holland Publishing Co., Amsterdam, Holland, p. 134.
[8]	Afzelius B. (1976). The role of cilia in man. Elsevier/North-Holland Biomedical Press.
[9]	Wu T.Y., Brokaw, C. J., Brennen, C. (1975). Swimming and Flying in Nature, Vol 2, p 939-952. Plenum Press, New York and London.
[10]	Graham RN. (1934). The silent flight of owl. J of Royal Aeronautic Soc., pp. 837-843.
[11]	Gruschka H.D., Borchers I. U., Coble J. G. (1971). Aerodynamic Noise produced by a Gliding Owl. Nature 233, 409 - 411 (08 October 1971); doi:10.1038/233409a0
[12]	Thorpe W.H., Griffin D.R. (1962). The lack of ultrasonic components in flight noise of owl compared with other birds. Ibis 104:256-257.
[13]	Lindblad J. (1973). I Ugglemarker (Owl Land), Bonniers, Stockholm, Sweden. 211 p. ISBN 91-0-037720-1 (In Swedish)
[14]	Gray, J. (1936) Studies in animal locomotion VI. The propulsive powers of the dolphin. J. Exp. Biol. 13: 192–199.
[15]	Norberg R.Å. (1975). Skull asymmetry, ear structure and function, and auditory localization in Tengmalm's owl, Aegolius funereus (L.), with aspects on the evolution of ear asymmetry among owls. Doctoral Thesis, Gothenburg University.
[16]	Cousteau J.Y., Diolé P. (1975) Dolphins. Doubleday & Company Inc. Garden City, New York.
[17]	Nordell B., Gawelin R. (2014). Laminarization of Highly Turbulent Air Flow. Measurements in Excel format. http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14784)
[18]	Nilsson R., Nordell B., (1979). Experiments in reducing turbulence in pipe flow. (Försök med turbulensminskning). MSc. Thesis 1979:040E, Div. Water Res. Eng., Luleå Univ. of Techn., Sweden. (In Swedish) http://pure.ltu.se/portal/files/91305512/1979_040E.pdf
[19]	NVG (1974). Nordic Ventilation Group, Guidelines for air flow rate determination. Swedish Council for Building Research, R51:1974. (In Swedish)
[20]	Batchelor G.K. (1967). An Introduction to Fluid Dynamics. Cambridge University Press, U.K.

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APA Style

Bo Anders Nordell, Ragnar Oskar Gawelin. (2015). Highly Turbulent Flow Laminarized by Hairy Pipe Walls. International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Applications, 3(4), 63-70. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmea.20150304.13

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ACS Style

Bo Anders Nordell; Ragnar Oskar Gawelin. Highly Turbulent Flow Laminarized by Hairy Pipe Walls. Int. J. Mech. Eng. Appl. 2015, 3(4), 63-70. doi: 10.11648/j.ijmea.20150304.13

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AMA Style

Bo Anders Nordell, Ragnar Oskar Gawelin. Highly Turbulent Flow Laminarized by Hairy Pipe Walls. Int J Mech Eng Appl. 2015;3(4):63-70. doi: 10.11648/j.ijmea.20150304.13

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@article{10.11648/j.ijmea.20150304.13,
  author = {Bo Anders Nordell and Ragnar Oskar Gawelin},
  title = {Highly Turbulent Flow Laminarized by Hairy Pipe Walls},
  journal = {International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Applications},
  volume = {3},
  number = {4},
  pages = {63-70},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijmea.20150304.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmea.20150304.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijmea.20150304.13},
  abstract = {Nature has found ways to laminarize turbulent flows, as demonstrated by the high swim speed of dolphins and the silent flight of owls. Owls locate their prey by hearing and need to fly silently. In both cases it has something to do with the soft pliable surface of the moving body and the wavy pattern that occurs on the dolphin skin and the owl feathers. Our objective was to investigate whether a pipe lined with a hairy soft carpet would “laminarize” air flows. The degree of laminarization was determined by the velocity profile. Manual pressure measurements were done to determine the air velocity at cross-sections along the pipe. Varying flow rates were tested before the hair was cut increasingly shorter. It was found that for some hair lengths the velocity profile approached the parabolic form of laminar flow at very high Reynolds number.},
 year = {2015}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Highly Turbulent Flow Laminarized by Hairy Pipe Walls
AU  - Bo Anders Nordell
AU  - Ragnar Oskar Gawelin
Y1  - 2015/07/28
PY  - 2015
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmea.20150304.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijmea.20150304.13
T2  - International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Applications
JF  - International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Applications
JO  - International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Applications
SP  - 63
EP  - 70
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-0248
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmea.20150304.13
AB  - Nature has found ways to laminarize turbulent flows, as demonstrated by the high swim speed of dolphins and the silent flight of owls. Owls locate their prey by hearing and need to fly silently. In both cases it has something to do with the soft pliable surface of the moving body and the wavy pattern that occurs on the dolphin skin and the owl feathers. Our objective was to investigate whether a pipe lined with a hairy soft carpet would “laminarize” air flows. The degree of laminarization was determined by the velocity profile. Manual pressure measurements were done to determine the air velocity at cross-sections along the pipe. Varying flow rates were tested before the hair was cut increasingly shorter. It was found that for some hair lengths the velocity profile approached the parabolic form of laminar flow at very high Reynolds number.
VL  - 3
IS  - 4
ER  -

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Author Information

Bo Anders Nordell

Department of Architecture and Water, Lule? University of Technology, SE-97187 Lule?, Sweden
Ragnar Oskar Gawelin

Enskilda Gymnasiet, SE-11161 Stockholm, Sweden

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APA Style

Bo Anders Nordell, Ragnar Oskar Gawelin. (2015). Highly Turbulent Flow Laminarized by Hairy Pipe Walls. International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Applications, 3(4), 63-70. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmea.20150304.13

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ACS Style

Bo Anders Nordell; Ragnar Oskar Gawelin. Highly Turbulent Flow Laminarized by Hairy Pipe Walls. Int. J. Mech. Eng. Appl. 2015, 3(4), 63-70. doi: 10.11648/j.ijmea.20150304.13

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AMA Style

Bo Anders Nordell, Ragnar Oskar Gawelin. Highly Turbulent Flow Laminarized by Hairy Pipe Walls. Int J Mech Eng Appl. 2015;3(4):63-70. doi: 10.11648/j.ijmea.20150304.13

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@article{10.11648/j.ijmea.20150304.13,
  author = {Bo Anders Nordell and Ragnar Oskar Gawelin},
  title = {Highly Turbulent Flow Laminarized by Hairy Pipe Walls},
  journal = {International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Applications},
  volume = {3},
  number = {4},
  pages = {63-70},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijmea.20150304.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmea.20150304.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijmea.20150304.13},
  abstract = {Nature has found ways to laminarize turbulent flows, as demonstrated by the high swim speed of dolphins and the silent flight of owls. Owls locate their prey by hearing and need to fly silently. In both cases it has something to do with the soft pliable surface of the moving body and the wavy pattern that occurs on the dolphin skin and the owl feathers. Our objective was to investigate whether a pipe lined with a hairy soft carpet would “laminarize” air flows. The degree of laminarization was determined by the velocity profile. Manual pressure measurements were done to determine the air velocity at cross-sections along the pipe. Varying flow rates were tested before the hair was cut increasingly shorter. It was found that for some hair lengths the velocity profile approached the parabolic form of laminar flow at very high Reynolds number.},
 year = {2015}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Highly Turbulent Flow Laminarized by Hairy Pipe Walls
AU  - Bo Anders Nordell
AU  - Ragnar Oskar Gawelin
Y1  - 2015/07/28
PY  - 2015
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmea.20150304.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijmea.20150304.13
T2  - International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Applications
JF  - International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Applications
JO  - International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Applications
SP  - 63
EP  - 70
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-0248
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmea.20150304.13
AB  - Nature has found ways to laminarize turbulent flows, as demonstrated by the high swim speed of dolphins and the silent flight of owls. Owls locate their prey by hearing and need to fly silently. In both cases it has something to do with the soft pliable surface of the moving body and the wavy pattern that occurs on the dolphin skin and the owl feathers. Our objective was to investigate whether a pipe lined with a hairy soft carpet would “laminarize” air flows. The degree of laminarization was determined by the velocity profile. Manual pressure measurements were done to determine the air velocity at cross-sections along the pipe. Varying flow rates were tested before the hair was cut increasingly shorter. It was found that for some hair lengths the velocity profile approached the parabolic form of laminar flow at very high Reynolds number.
VL  - 3
IS  - 4
ER  -

Copy | Download