Chemically Enhanced Primary Treatment-Trickling Filter with <i>Moringa oleifera</i> Seeds for Improved Energy Recovery from Wastewater Treatment Plants in Malawi

Chimwemwe Mndelemani; Yinling Song; Fankai Wei; Ya Chen

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijepp.20180602.11

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Chemically Enhanced Primary Treatment-Trickling Filter with Moringa oleifera Seeds for Improved Energy Recovery from Wastewater Treatment Plants in Malawi

Chimwemwe Mndelemani, Yinling Song, Fankai Wei, Ya Chen

Published in International Journal of Environmental Protection and Policy (Volume 6, Issue 2)

Received: 22 March 2018 Accepted: 15 April 2018 Published: 21 May 2018

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Abstract

Only 10% of the population in Malawi has access to electricity and there is increasing surface water pollution especially in urban areas. This research was conducted with the objectives of improving electricity generation and reducing water pollution in Malawi. A chemically enhanced primary treatment-trickling filter (CEPT-TF) system with Moringa oleifera (MO) seeds as a coagulant is proposed for municipal wastewater (WW) treatment to achieve both objectives. CEPT improves energy recovery by increasing the proportion of captured raw COD whose anaerobic digestion gives higher CH₄ yield than secondary COD. The COD removal efficiency of MO was investigated by conducting jar tests and COD tests using WW samples from three different WWTPs in Suzhou New District, China. The amount of energy recoverable was estimated using an equation derived from COD removal efficiencies and the stoichiometric relationships between COD and CH₄. The results showed a COD removal efficiency of 74% with MO concentration of 50mg/l for 880mg/l COD which is an average COD for municipal WW in Malawi. It is found that the WWTPs in Malawi’s two big cities of Blantyre and Lilongwe have the potential of producing 9,781.86kWh/d of electricity. CEPT-TF will offer sustainable solutions in Malawi, MO can be planted on sites creating closed loop systems as it provides the coagulant and gets watered and nourished with the effluent from the WWTP.

Published in	International Journal of Environmental Protection and Policy (Volume 6, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijepp.20180602.11
Page(s)	26-31
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2018. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Anaerobic Digestion, Energy Self-Sufficiency, Carbon Capture, Chemically Enhanced Primary Treatment, Moringa oleifera

References

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[18]	Haimanot Habte, L., & Hartmut, E. (2013). A pilot scale trickling filterwith pebble grsvel as media and its performance to remove chemical oxygen demand from synthetic brewery wastewater. Journal of Zhejiang University SCIENCE B, 924-933.
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APA Style

Chimwemwe Mndelemani, Yinling Song, Fankai Wei, Ya Chen. (2018). Chemically Enhanced Primary Treatment-Trickling Filter with Moringa oleifera Seeds for Improved Energy Recovery from Wastewater Treatment Plants in Malawi. International Journal of Environmental Protection and Policy, 6(2), 26-31. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijepp.20180602.11

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ACS Style

Chimwemwe Mndelemani; Yinling Song; Fankai Wei; Ya Chen. Chemically Enhanced Primary Treatment-Trickling Filter with Moringa oleifera Seeds for Improved Energy Recovery from Wastewater Treatment Plants in Malawi. Int. J. Environ. Prot. Policy 2018, 6(2), 26-31. doi: 10.11648/j.ijepp.20180602.11

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AMA Style

Chimwemwe Mndelemani, Yinling Song, Fankai Wei, Ya Chen. Chemically Enhanced Primary Treatment-Trickling Filter with Moringa oleifera Seeds for Improved Energy Recovery from Wastewater Treatment Plants in Malawi. Int J Environ Prot Policy. 2018;6(2):26-31. doi: 10.11648/j.ijepp.20180602.11

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@article{10.11648/j.ijepp.20180602.11,
  author = {Chimwemwe Mndelemani and Yinling Song and Fankai Wei and Ya Chen},
  title = {Chemically Enhanced Primary Treatment-Trickling Filter with Moringa oleifera Seeds for Improved Energy Recovery from Wastewater Treatment Plants in Malawi},
  journal = {International Journal of Environmental Protection and Policy},
  volume = {6},
  number = {2},
  pages = {26-31},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijepp.20180602.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijepp.20180602.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijepp.20180602.11},
  abstract = {Only 10% of the population in Malawi has access to electricity and there is increasing surface water pollution especially in urban areas. This research was conducted with the objectives of improving electricity generation and reducing water pollution in Malawi. A chemically enhanced primary treatment-trickling filter (CEPT-TF) system with Moringa oleifera (MO) seeds as a coagulant is proposed for municipal wastewater (WW) treatment to achieve both objectives. CEPT improves energy recovery by increasing the proportion of captured raw COD whose anaerobic digestion gives higher CH4 yield than secondary COD. The COD removal efficiency of MO was investigated by conducting jar tests and COD tests using WW samples from three different WWTPs in Suzhou New District, China. The amount of energy recoverable was estimated using an equation derived from COD removal efficiencies and the stoichiometric relationships between COD and CH4. The results showed a COD removal efficiency of 74% with MO concentration of 50mg/l for 880mg/l COD which is an average COD for municipal WW in Malawi. It is found that the WWTPs in Malawi’s two big cities of Blantyre and Lilongwe have the potential of producing 9,781.86kWh/d of electricity. CEPT-TF will offer sustainable solutions in Malawi, MO can be planted on sites creating closed loop systems as it provides the coagulant and gets watered and nourished with the effluent from the WWTP.},
 year = {2018}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Chemically Enhanced Primary Treatment-Trickling Filter with Moringa oleifera Seeds for Improved Energy Recovery from Wastewater Treatment Plants in Malawi
AU  - Chimwemwe Mndelemani
AU  - Yinling Song
AU  - Fankai Wei
AU  - Ya Chen
Y1  - 2018/05/21
PY  - 2018
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijepp.20180602.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijepp.20180602.11
T2  - International Journal of Environmental Protection and Policy
JF  - International Journal of Environmental Protection and Policy
JO  - International Journal of Environmental Protection and Policy
SP  - 26
EP  - 31
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-7536
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijepp.20180602.11
AB  - Only 10% of the population in Malawi has access to electricity and there is increasing surface water pollution especially in urban areas. This research was conducted with the objectives of improving electricity generation and reducing water pollution in Malawi. A chemically enhanced primary treatment-trickling filter (CEPT-TF) system with Moringa oleifera (MO) seeds as a coagulant is proposed for municipal wastewater (WW) treatment to achieve both objectives. CEPT improves energy recovery by increasing the proportion of captured raw COD whose anaerobic digestion gives higher CH4 yield than secondary COD. The COD removal efficiency of MO was investigated by conducting jar tests and COD tests using WW samples from three different WWTPs in Suzhou New District, China. The amount of energy recoverable was estimated using an equation derived from COD removal efficiencies and the stoichiometric relationships between COD and CH4. The results showed a COD removal efficiency of 74% with MO concentration of 50mg/l for 880mg/l COD which is an average COD for municipal WW in Malawi. It is found that the WWTPs in Malawi’s two big cities of Blantyre and Lilongwe have the potential of producing 9,781.86kWh/d of electricity. CEPT-TF will offer sustainable solutions in Malawi, MO can be planted on sites creating closed loop systems as it provides the coagulant and gets watered and nourished with the effluent from the WWTP.
VL  - 6
IS  - 2
ER  -

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Author Information

Chimwemwe Mndelemani

School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, China
Yinling Song

School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, China
Fankai Wei

School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, China
Ya Chen

School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, China

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APA Style

Chimwemwe Mndelemani, Yinling Song, Fankai Wei, Ya Chen. (2018). Chemically Enhanced Primary Treatment-Trickling Filter with Moringa oleifera Seeds for Improved Energy Recovery from Wastewater Treatment Plants in Malawi. International Journal of Environmental Protection and Policy, 6(2), 26-31. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijepp.20180602.11

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ACS Style

Chimwemwe Mndelemani; Yinling Song; Fankai Wei; Ya Chen. Chemically Enhanced Primary Treatment-Trickling Filter with Moringa oleifera Seeds for Improved Energy Recovery from Wastewater Treatment Plants in Malawi. Int. J. Environ. Prot. Policy 2018, 6(2), 26-31. doi: 10.11648/j.ijepp.20180602.11

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AMA Style

Chimwemwe Mndelemani, Yinling Song, Fankai Wei, Ya Chen. Chemically Enhanced Primary Treatment-Trickling Filter with Moringa oleifera Seeds for Improved Energy Recovery from Wastewater Treatment Plants in Malawi. Int J Environ Prot Policy. 2018;6(2):26-31. doi: 10.11648/j.ijepp.20180602.11

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ijepp.20180602.11,
  author = {Chimwemwe Mndelemani and Yinling Song and Fankai Wei and Ya Chen},
  title = {Chemically Enhanced Primary Treatment-Trickling Filter with Moringa oleifera Seeds for Improved Energy Recovery from Wastewater Treatment Plants in Malawi},
  journal = {International Journal of Environmental Protection and Policy},
  volume = {6},
  number = {2},
  pages = {26-31},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijepp.20180602.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijepp.20180602.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijepp.20180602.11},
  abstract = {Only 10% of the population in Malawi has access to electricity and there is increasing surface water pollution especially in urban areas. This research was conducted with the objectives of improving electricity generation and reducing water pollution in Malawi. A chemically enhanced primary treatment-trickling filter (CEPT-TF) system with Moringa oleifera (MO) seeds as a coagulant is proposed for municipal wastewater (WW) treatment to achieve both objectives. CEPT improves energy recovery by increasing the proportion of captured raw COD whose anaerobic digestion gives higher CH4 yield than secondary COD. The COD removal efficiency of MO was investigated by conducting jar tests and COD tests using WW samples from three different WWTPs in Suzhou New District, China. The amount of energy recoverable was estimated using an equation derived from COD removal efficiencies and the stoichiometric relationships between COD and CH4. The results showed a COD removal efficiency of 74% with MO concentration of 50mg/l for 880mg/l COD which is an average COD for municipal WW in Malawi. It is found that the WWTPs in Malawi’s two big cities of Blantyre and Lilongwe have the potential of producing 9,781.86kWh/d of electricity. CEPT-TF will offer sustainable solutions in Malawi, MO can be planted on sites creating closed loop systems as it provides the coagulant and gets watered and nourished with the effluent from the WWTP.},
 year = {2018}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Chemically Enhanced Primary Treatment-Trickling Filter with Moringa oleifera Seeds for Improved Energy Recovery from Wastewater Treatment Plants in Malawi
AU  - Chimwemwe Mndelemani
AU  - Yinling Song
AU  - Fankai Wei
AU  - Ya Chen
Y1  - 2018/05/21
PY  - 2018
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijepp.20180602.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijepp.20180602.11
T2  - International Journal of Environmental Protection and Policy
JF  - International Journal of Environmental Protection and Policy
JO  - International Journal of Environmental Protection and Policy
SP  - 26
EP  - 31
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-7536
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijepp.20180602.11
AB  - Only 10% of the population in Malawi has access to electricity and there is increasing surface water pollution especially in urban areas. This research was conducted with the objectives of improving electricity generation and reducing water pollution in Malawi. A chemically enhanced primary treatment-trickling filter (CEPT-TF) system with Moringa oleifera (MO) seeds as a coagulant is proposed for municipal wastewater (WW) treatment to achieve both objectives. CEPT improves energy recovery by increasing the proportion of captured raw COD whose anaerobic digestion gives higher CH4 yield than secondary COD. The COD removal efficiency of MO was investigated by conducting jar tests and COD tests using WW samples from three different WWTPs in Suzhou New District, China. The amount of energy recoverable was estimated using an equation derived from COD removal efficiencies and the stoichiometric relationships between COD and CH4. The results showed a COD removal efficiency of 74% with MO concentration of 50mg/l for 880mg/l COD which is an average COD for municipal WW in Malawi. It is found that the WWTPs in Malawi’s two big cities of Blantyre and Lilongwe have the potential of producing 9,781.86kWh/d of electricity. CEPT-TF will offer sustainable solutions in Malawi, MO can be planted on sites creating closed loop systems as it provides the coagulant and gets watered and nourished with the effluent from the WWTP.
VL  - 6
IS  - 2
ER  -

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